The Bachaur breed of cattle is found in the Bachaur Pargana that includes the districts of Sitamarhi, Madhubani, Darbhanga, Samastipur and Muzaffarpur in the state of Bihar. While the Madhubani, Darbhanga and Sitamarhi districts form the native tract of this breed, it is reported that due to the shrinking of the original breeding tract, the Bachaur cattle are now concentrated in areas adjacent to the Nepal border which also include Bachaur and Koilpur subdivisions of Sitamarhi.

This cattle is known for its draught qualities and also its ability to thrive on poor fodder resources. Despite being a draught breed, the cows prove to be better milk yielders as compared to other Indian draught breeds. The bullocks can work for long periods without any break. They are used for transport and also for agricultural operations. These cattle were very popular in Bihar in the early 19th century, during the rule of the East India Company in India.

This breed is maintained by the Koir and Ahir communities and the cattle are grazed in the nearby grassland areas. A cow having a male calf is not milked at all, and the calf is allowed to take all the milk. The male animals are castrated at the time of eruption of horns – at about one to one and a half years of age. This breed fulfilled the livelihood requirement of cattle farmers in the breeding tract by its draught power and to some extent by milk and dung.